Woodruff [Galium Odoratum]

As a herbaceous species, Galium odoratum typically exhibits a prostrate growth habit, extending up to 30-50 cm (12-20 in) in length. It commonly lies flat on the ground or employs nearby vegetation for support.

The characteristic sweet aroma of Galium odoratum can be attributed to the presence of coumarin, an aromatic compound responsible for its scent. This chemical constituent has led to occasional utilization of the plant as a flavouring agent, contributing to its culinary appeal.

The foliage of Galium odoratum exhibits simple lanceolate leaves, devoid of hairs, measuring 2–5 cm (0.79–1.97 in) in length. These leaves are arranged in whorls of 6–9 along the stem. The diminutive flowers, with a diameter of 4–7 mm, are arranged in cymes. Notably, the fruits, which reach a diameter of 2–4 mm, develop individually and are adorned with minuscule hooked bristles. These bristles serve the purpose of aiding in dispersal by temporarily adhering to clothing and the fur of animals.

Galium odoratum thrives under conditions of partial to full shade, displaying a preference for moist and nutrient-rich soils. During dry summer periods, regular watering becomes necessary to sustain its vitality. This plant can be propagated through various methods, including crown division, separation of rooted stems, or excavation of the shallowly submerged perimeter stolons. It proves particularly advantageous as a ground cover or as an accent in border planting schemes within acidic, wooded gardens where other shade-tolerant species struggle to flourish.